Methods and apparatus for enhanced security in federated learning machine learning operations in a communication network

A first device configured for federated learning (FL) artificial intelligence machine learning (AIML), wherein the first device is associated with a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), and wherein the first device comprises a processor and a transmitter/receiver unit configured to:

• obtain first information indicating security assessment data of the WTRU in a federated learning network;
• obtaining second information associated with a training of a trained FL AIML intermediate model, wherein the second information comprises any of one or more WTRU logs and one or more training vectors;
• determine based on the security assessment data and the second information, an indication of a security vulnerability of the trained FL AIML intermediate model;
• and
• send the second information and third information to a second device based on the indication, wherein the second device is associated with a network node, and wherein the third information indicates the trained FL AIML intermediate model.