Video encoder, video encoding method, and video decoder

A video encoder comprising:

• an initial search position optimization (ISPO) module including a neural network that is trained to output an optimal initial search position by using a pair of frames of a video as input;
• and
• a motion estimation (ME) module configured to perform motion estimation by moving a search position toward the optimal initial search position output by the ISPO module,
• wherein the neural network is trained to output the optimal initial search position by using a ground truth (GT) initial search position generated by performing full search in a predetermined area by an differentiable prediction (DP) module.

An electronic device comprising:

• a position estimation device configured to output an optimal initial search position by using a pair of frames of a video as input;
• an image processing device configured to perform motion estimation based on the output optimal initial search position, and configured to perform image processing based on a result of the motion estimation;
• and
• one or more processors configured to control the image processing device and process a request thereof,
• wherein the position estimation device comprises a differentiable prediction (DP) module configured to output the optimal initial search position by performing full search in a predetermined area, or an initial search position optimization (ISPO) module including a neural network which is trained to output the optimal initial search position by using a ground truth (GT) initial search position generated by performing full search in the predetermined area by the DP module.