Image encryption using collatz conjecture

Abstract

Example systems, methods, and apparatus are disclosed herein for image encryption using Collatz Conjecture. The proposed technology combines Chaos theory and modified Collatz Conjecture to develop a hashing function that is used to encrypt digital images. The Collatz Conjecture, when combined with chaos theory, has the potential to produce high-quality encryption. The Collatz Conjecture is a tremendously complex mathematical problem, and its application in image encryption enhances the unpredictability and complexity of the process. The proposed technology is compared with various previously documented encryption techniques. The evaluation is conducted using a range of metrics, including histogram analysis, correlation coefficient, mean square error (MSE), number of pixels changes rate (NPCR), unified average change intensity (UACI), entropy, and time complexity.

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