Machine readable diagnostic test devices and methods and apparatus to make and/or process the same

A battery-less lateral flow assay device comprising:

• a porous media including a first zone and a second zone, the first zone including immobilized antigens corresponding to a target analyte or immobilized antibodies corresponding to the target analyte;
• a wireless chip to:
• output a voltage to a first electrode when the first electrode is in contact with at least one of the first zone or the second zone, the voltage drawn from a power signal obtained via an antenna;
• and
• measure an electrical signal from the first electrode, the electrical signal corresponding to presence of the target analyte.

A lateral flow assay device comprising:

• a porous media including a first zone and a second zone, the first zone including immobilized antigens corresponding to a target analyte or immobilized antibodies corresponding to the target analyte;
• a first electrode positionable in the first zone and a second electrode positionable in the second zone;
• an antenna in circuit with the first electrode and the second electrode, the antenna is to receive a power signal from an external device;
• a voltage regulator to:
• regulate a first voltage corresponding to the power signal to a second voltage different than the first voltage;
• and
• output the second voltage to at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode;
• and
• processor circuitry to sense an electrical signal corresponding to at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode, the electrical signal corresponding to presence of the target analyte.