Battery with electrochemical cell

A stationary, portable, or mobile energy storage device or energy storage application equipped with at least one rechargeable battery comprising an electrochemical cell for electrical energy storage (EES),

• wherein the at least one rechargeable battery is capable of operating in an electrical energy delivery mode in which the at least one rechargeable battery generates electrical energy by oxidation of a redox active species and reduction of oxygen in an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and eventually in an EES mode in which the at least one rechargeable battery consumes electrical energy to reduce a redox active species and generates oxygen in an oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and
• wherein the electrochemical cell is a hybrid redox flow cell comprising:
• a negative half-cell (1),
• a positive half-cell (2),
• a negolyte (3A) with a polyoxometalate (POM) as redox active species in the negative half-cell (1),
• an ion exchange membrane (4) disposed between the negative half-cell (1) and the positive half-cell (2),
• a negative electrode (5) in the negative half-cell (1),
• a positive electrode (6) in the positive half-cell (2), and
• an inlet (7) and an outlet (8) connect the negative half-cell (1) with an electrolyte tank (9), including POMs capable of multiple electron transfers and which are charged without chemical resources, via conduits (10) equipped with a pump (11), so that the rechargeable battery may be charged by provisioning the tank (9) with charged negolyte, or recharged by replacing discharged negolyte with charged negolyte,
• wherein the POM is capable of multiple electron transfer,
• wherein the positive electrode (6) is equipped with an ORR and eventually an oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst or with a bifunctional ORR and OER catalyst,
• wherein the electrolyte tank (9) is equipped with an inlet for provisioning the tank with charged negolyte and an outlet for letting out discharged negolyte, and/or the electrolyte tank (9) is detachable from the rechargeable battery, so that the rechargeable battery may be recharged by replacing a tank with discharged negolyte by a tank with charged negolyte.

A rechargeable battery comprising an electrochemical cell for electrical energy storage (EES),

• wherein the rechargeable battery is capable of operating in an electrical energy delivery mode in which the rechargeable battery generates electrical energy by oxidation of a redox active species and reduction of oxygen in an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and eventually in an EES mode in which the rechargeable battery consumes electrical energy to reduce a redox active species and generates oxygen in an oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and
• wherein the electrochemical cell is a hybrid redox flow cell comprising:
• a negative half-cell (1),
• a positive half-cell (2),
• a negolyte (3A) with a polyoxometalate (POM) as redox active species in the negative half-cell (1),
• an ion exchange membrane (4) disposed between the negative half-cell (1) and the positive half-cell (2),
• a negative electrode (5) in the negative half-cell (1),
• a positive electrode (6) in the positive half-cell (2), and
• an inlet (7) and an outlet (8) connect the negative half-cell (1) with an electrolyte tank (9), including POMs capable of multiple electron transfers and which are charged without chemical resources, via conduits (10) equipped with a pump (11), so that the rechargeable battery may be charged by provisioning the tank (9) with charged negolyte, or recharged by replacing discharged negolyte with charged negolyte,
• wherein the POM is capable of multiple electron transfer,
• wherein the positive electrode (6) is equipped with an ORR and eventually an OER catalyst or with a bifunctional ORR and OER catalyst,
• wherein the electrolyte tank (9) is equipped with an inlet for provisioning the tank with charged negolyte and an outlet for letting out discharged negolyte, and/or the electrolyte tank (9) is detachable from the rechargeable battery, so that the rechargeable battery may be recharged by replacing a tank with discharged negolyte by a tank with charged negolyte.