Highly Efficient SSD Power Management Through PCIe Data Rate Modulation

A data storage device, comprising:

• a controller, wherein the controller is configured to:
• track a data rate of a data bus of the data storage device;
• track a processing load of a front end of the data storage device;
• track a processing load of a back end of the data storage device;
• and
• cause the data storage device to cycle between operating in a first performance state and operating in a second performance state based on the data rate, the processing load of the front end, and the processing load of the back end, wherein:
• the second performance state utilizes less power than the first performance state;
• and
• the second performance state has a higher efficiency at a lower performance metric than the first performance state at a lower power utilization.

A data storage device, comprising:

• means for storing data;
• and
• a controller coupled to the means for storing data, wherein the controller is configured to:
• transition the data storage device between two or more performance states while transferring data, wherein the transitioning is a duty cycle.