Compact lidar design with high resolution and ultra-wide field of view

A scanning device, comprising:

• a first mirror disposed to receive multiple light beams;
• a polygon mirror optically coupled to the first mirror to receive the multiple light beams, the polygon mirror comprising a plurality of reflective facets configured to scan at least a horizontal field-of-view (FOV), the horizontal FOV being no less than 120 degrees, wherein at least two of the plurality of reflective facets have non-90 degree tilt angles, the tilt angles of reflective facets being respective angles between normal directions of respective reflective facets and an axis about which the polygon mirror is rotatable,
• wherein for at least two of the plurality of reflective facets, each reflective facet is arranged such that:
• a first edge, a second edge, and a third edge of the reflective facet correspond to a first line, a second line, and a third line,
• the first line and the second line intersect to form a first internal angle of a plane comprising the reflective facet, the first internal angle being an acute angle,
• the first line and the third line intersect to form a second internal angle of the plane comprising the reflective facet, the second internal angle being an obtuse angle;
• wherein the polygon mirror is controllable to rotate and the first mirror is controllable to oscillate, and a combination of the first mirror and the polygon mirror is configured to:
• steer the multiple light beams both vertically and horizontally to scan the horizontal FOV and a vertical FOV,
• receive return light formed based on the steered multiple light beams, and
• redirect the return light to an optical receiver disposed in the scanning device, wherein scan lines are generated based on the return light, the scan lines corresponding to multiple parts of the vertical FOV, and wherein oscillation of the first mirror is controlled to increase the vertical FOV and a resolution of the scan lines compared to if scanning of the vertical FOV uses the polygon mirror without the first mirror.

A scanning device, comprising:

• a galvanometer mirror;
• a polygon mirror optically coupled to the galvanometer mirror to receive multiple light beams, the polygon mirror comprising a top non-reflective surface and a plurality of reflective facets configured to scan at least a horizontal field-of-view (FOV), wherein the top non-reflective surface is a parallelogram-shaped facet,
• wherein the polygon mirror is controllable to rotate and the galvanometer mirror is controllable to oscillate, and a combination of the first mirror and the polygon mirror is configured to:
• steer the multiple light beams both vertically and horizontally to scan the horizontal FOV and a vertical FOV,
• receive return light formed based on the steered multiple light beams, and
• redirect the return light to an optical receiver disposed in the scanning device, wherein scan lines are generated based on the return light, the scan lines corresponding to multiple parts of the vertical FOV.

A light detection and ranging (LiDAR) scanning system, comprising:

• a plurality of scanning devices mountable to at least two of a left side, a right side, a front side, and a back side of a vehicle, wherein each of the plurality of scanning devices comprises:
• a first mirror disposed to receive multiple light beams;
• a polygon mirror optically coupled to the first mirror to receive the multiple light beams, the polygon mirror comprising a plurality of reflective facets configured to scan at least a horizontal field-of-view (FOV), the horizontal FOV being no less than 120 degrees, wherein at least two of the plurality of reflective facets have non-90 degree tilt angles, the tilt angles of reflective facets being respective angles between normal directions of respective reflective facets and an axis about which the polygon mirror is rotatable,
• wherein for at least two of the plurality of reflective facets, each reflective facet is arranged such that:
• a first edge, a second edge, and a third edge of the reflective facet correspond to a first line, a second line, and a third line,
• the first line and the second line intersect to form a first internal angle of a plane comprising the reflective facet, the first internal angle being an acute angle,
• the first line and the third line intersect to form a second internal angle of the plane comprising the reflective facet, the second internal angle being an obtuse angle;
• wherein the polygon mirror is controllable to rotate and the first mirror is controllable to oscillate, and a combination of the first mirror and the polygon mirror is configured to:
• steer the multiple light beams both vertically and horizontally to scan the horizontal FOV and a vertical FOV,
• receive return light formed based on the steered multiple light beams, and
• redirect the return light to an optical receiver disposed in the scanning device, wherein scan lines are generated based on the return light, the scan lines corresponding to multiple parts of the vertical FOV, and wherein oscillation of the first mirror is controlled to increase the vertical FOV and a resolution of the scan lines compared to if scanning of the vertical FOV uses the polygon mirror without the first mirror.

A vehicle comprising a light detection and ranging (LiDAR) scanning system, the system comprising:

• a plurality of scanning devices mountable to at least two of a left side, a right side, a front side, and a back side of a vehicle, wherein each of the plurality of scanning devices comprises:
• a first mirror disposed to receive multiple light beams;
• a polygon mirror optically coupled to the first mirror to receive the multiple light beams, the polygon mirror comprising a plurality of reflective facets configured to scan at least a horizontal field-of-view (FOV), the horizontal FOV being no less than 120 degrees, wherein at least two of the plurality of reflective facets have non-90 degree tilt angles, the tilt angles of reflective facets being respective angles between normal directions of respective reflective facets and an axis about which the polygon mirror is rotatable,
• wherein for at least two of the plurality of reflective facets, each reflective facet is arranged such that:
• a first edge, a second edge, and a third edge of the reflective facet correspond to a first line, a second line, and a third line,
• the first line and the second line intersect to form a first internal angle of a plane comprising the reflective facet, the first internal angle being an acute angle,
• the first line and the third line intersect to form a second internal angle of the plane comprising the reflective facet, the second internal angle being an obtuse angle;
• wherein the polygon mirror is controllable to rotate and the first mirror is controllable to oscillate, and a combination of the first mirror and the polygon mirror is configured to:
• steer the multiple light beams both vertically and horizontally to scan the horizontal FOV and a vertical FOV,
• receive return light formed based on the steered multiple light beams, and
• redirect the return light to an optical receiver disposed in the scanning device, wherein scan lines are generated based on the return light, the scan lines corresponding to multiple parts of the vertical FOV, and wherein oscillation of the first mirror is controlled to increase the vertical FOV and a resolution of the scan lines compared to if scanning of the vertical FOV uses the polygon mirror without the first mirror.