Anodes via interfacial bonding, methods of making same, and uses thereof

Abstract

Anodes and anode materials, methods of making anodes and anode materials, and devices. The anode and anode materials comprise an electrically conducting three-dimensional (3-D) matrix, for example, an electrically conducting 3-D carbon matrix or a metal foam, comprising a plurality of chemical bonding groups disposed on a surface of the electrically conducting 3-D matrix or metal foam. The chemical bonding groups can form chemical bond(s) with an electrochemically-deposited electrochemically active metal. The electrochemically-deposited electrochemically active metal can have desirable propert(ies), such as, for example, no observable discontinuities, isolated (orphaned) deposits, or both. An anode or anode material may be formed by functionalizing an electrically conducting 3-D matrix, which may be functionalized. A functionalized electrically conducting 3-D matrix may be formed in a device. A device, such as, for example,. a battery, a supercapacitor, a fuel cell, an electrolyzer, or an electrolytic cell, comprises one or more anode(s) or anode material(s).

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.