Memory system and operating method thereof

A method of operating a memory system, the method comprising:

• controlling a memory device to perform an operation on target blocks among a plurality of memory blocks included in each of a plurality of planes;
• controlling the memory device to store, in a replacement block, data stored in a bad block, on which the operation fails among the target blocks;
• and
• controlling the memory device to temporarily store, in a backup block, data stored in the other blocks except the bad block among the target blocks according to a number of free blocks included in the memory device.

An operating method of a controller, the operating method comprising controlling a memory device to:

• move, when an operation fails on a bad block among target blocks of the operation, data from the bad block to a replacement block and data from a remaining target block to a backup block;
• erase the remaining target block;
• and
• move the data back from the backup block to any of the erased block and a normal block,
• wherein the memory device includes memory blocks including the target blocks, the replacement block, the backup block and the normal block.