Conductive stimuli-responsive coordination network linked with bismuth

A method of detecting an analyte in a sample, said method comprising:

• associating the sample with a composition,
• wherein the composition is in the form of a sensor,
• wherein the composition comprises a metal-organic framework,
• wherein the metal-organic framework comprises a plurality of metals and
• a plurality of ligands coordinated with the plurality of metals,
• wherein the plurality of metals comprise bismuth,
• wherein the plurality of ligands comprise a plurality of hydroxy moieties that are not part of carboxyl groups,
• wherein at least some of the hydroxy moieties are coordinated with bismuth to form Bi—O bonds, and
• wherein the metal-organic framework is in the form of a conductive and interconnected network;
• and
• detecting the presence or absence of the analyte from the sample, wherein the detecting comprises:
• detecting a change in a property of the sensor, and
• correlating the change in the property to the presence or absence of the analyte.

A method of shielding an object from radiation, said method comprising:

• associating the object with a composition, wherein the composition comprises a metal-organic framework,
• wherein the metal-organic framework comprises a plurality of metals and a plurality of ligands coordinated with the plurality of metals,
• wherein the plurality of metals comprise bismuth,
• wherein the plurality of ligands comprise a plurality of hydroxy moieties that are not part of carboxyl groups,
• wherein at least some of the hydroxy moieties are coordinated with bismuth to form Bi—O bonds, and
• wherein the metal-organic framework is in the form of a conductive and interconnected network.