Surface treatment agent

A siloxane group-containing silane compound represented by the following formula (1) or (2):

• RS1α—XA—RHβ (1)
• RHγ—XA—RS2—XA—RHγ (2)
• wherein
• Rs1 is each independently at each occurrence R1—RS—R2q—
• RS2 is —Op—RS—R2q—
• RS is each independently at each occurrence —(SiR32—O)a—;
• R3 is each independently at each occurrence a C1-6 alkyl group or aryl group optionally substituted with a halogen atom;
• and
• a is 10 to 500;
• R1 is a hydrocarbon group;
• R2 is —SiR32—;
• R3 is each independently at each occurrence a hydrocarbon group;
• p is 0 or 1;
• q is each independently 0 or 1;
• RH is each independently at each occurrence a group represented by the following formula (S2), (S3), or (S4):
• SiRa1k1Rb111Rc1m1 (S2)
• CRd1k2Re112Rf1m2 (S3)
• NRg1Rh1 (S4)
• wherein
• R11 is each independently at each occurrence a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group;
• R12 is each independently at each occurrence a monovalent organic group;
• n1 is each independently an integer of 0 to 3 for each (SiR11n1R123-n1) unit;
• X11 is each independently at each occurrence a single bond or a divalent organic group;
• R13 is each independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group;
• t is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 2 or more;
• R14 is each independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or —X11—SiR11n1R123-n1;
• R15 is each independently at each occurrence a single bond, an oxygen atom, an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkyleneoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
• Ra1 is each independently at each occurrence —Z1—SiR21p1R22q1R23r1;
• Z1 is each independently at each occurrence a C1-6 alkylene group, —(CH2)z1—O—(CH2)z2— wherein z1 is an integer of 0 to 6, and z2 is an integer of 0 to 6, or —(CH2)z3-phenylene-(CH2)z4— wherein z3 is an integer of 0 to 6, and z4 is an integer of 0 to 6;
• R21 is each independently at each occurrence —Z1′—SiR21′p1′R22′q1′R23′r1′;
• R22 is each independently at each occurrence a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group;
• R23 is each independently at each occurrence a monovalent organic group;
• p1 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3;
• q1 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3;
• r1 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3;
• Z1′ is each independently at each occurrence a C1-6 alkylene group, —(CH2)z1′—O—(CH2)z2′— wherein z1′ is an integer of 0 to 6, and z2′ is an integer of 0 to 6, or —(CH2)z3′-phenylene-(CH2)z4′—wherein z3′ is an integer of 0 to 6, and z4′ is an integer of 0 to 6;
• R21′ is each independently at each occurrence —Z1″—SiR22″q1″R23″r1″;
• R22′ is each independently at each occurrence a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group;
• R23′ is each independently at each occurrence a monovalent organic group;
• p1′ is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3;
• q1′ is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3;
• r1′ is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3;
• Z1″ is each independently at each occurrence a C1-6 alkylene group, —(CH2)z1″—O—(CH2)z2″— wherein z1″ is an integer of 0 to 6, and z2″ is an integer of 0 to 6, or —(CH2)z3″-phenylene-(CH2)z4″— wherein z3″ is an integer of 0 to 6, and z4″ is an integer of 0 to 6;
• R22″ is each independently at each occurrence a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group;
• R23″ is each independently at each occurrence a monovalent organic group;
• q1″ is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3;
• r1″ is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3;
• Rb1 is each independently at each occurrence a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group;
• Rc1 is each independently at each occurrence a monovalent organic group;
• k1 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3;
• 11 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3;
• m1 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3;
• Rd1 is each independently at each occurrence —Z2—CR31p2R32q2R33r2;
• Z2 is each independently at each occurrence a C1-6 alkylene group, —(CH2)z5—O—(CH2)z6— wherein z5 is an integer of 0 to 6, and z6 is an integer of 0 to 6, or —(CH2)Z7-phenylene-(CH2)z8— wherein z7 is an integer of 0 to 6, and z8 is an integer of 0 to 6;
• R31 is each independently at each occurrence —Z2′—CR32′q2′R33′r2′;
• R32 is each independently at each occurrence —Z3—SiR34n2R353-n2;
• R33 is each independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group;
• p2 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3;
• q2 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3;
• r2 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3;
• Z2′ is each independently at each occurrence a C1-6 alkylene group, —(CH2)z5′—O—(CH2)z6′— wherein z5′ is an integer of 0 to 6, and z6′ is an integer of 0 to 6, or —(CH2)z7′-phenylene-(CH2)z8′— wherein z7′ is an integer of 0 to 6, and z8′ is an integer of 0 to 6;
• R32′ is each independently at each occurrence —Z3—SiR34n2R353-n2;
• R33′ is each independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group;
• q2′ is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3;
• r2′ is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3;
• Z3 is each independently at each occurrence a C1-6 alkylene group, —(CH2)z5″—O—(CH2)z6′— wherein z5″ is an integer of 0 to 6, and z6″ is an integer of 0 to 6, or —(CH2)z7″-phenylene-(CH2)z8″— wherein z7″ is an integer of 0 to 6, and z8″ is an integer of 0 to 6;
• R34 is each independently at each occurrence a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group;
• R35 is each independently at each occurrence a monovalent organic group;
• n2 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3;
• Re1 is each independently at each occurrence —Z3—SiR34n2R353-n2;
• Rf1 is each independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a monovalent organic group;
• k2 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3;
• 12 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3;
• m2 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 0 to 3;
• Rg1 and Rh1 are each independently at each occurrence —Z4—SiR11n1R123-n1, —Z4—SiRa1k1Rb111Rc1m1, or —Z4—CRd1k2Re112Rf1m2;
• and
• Z4 is each independently at each occurrence a C1-6 alkylene group, —(CH2)z5″—O—(CH2)z6′— wherein z5″ is an integer of 0 to 6, and z6″ is an integer of 0 to 6, or —(CH2)z7″-phenylene-(CH2)z8″— wherein z7″ is an integer of 0 to 6, and z8″ is an integer of 0 to 6,
• provided that, in the formulae (S1), (S2), (S3), and (S4), at least two Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded are present;
• two or more Si atoms to which a hydroxyl group or a hydrolyzable group is bonded are present in RH;
• XA is each independently a single bond, a divalent organic group represented by the following formula:
• —(R51)p5—(X51)q5—
• wherein
• R51 is a single bond, —(CH2)s5—, or an o-, m-, or p-phenylene group;
• s5 is an integer of 1 to 20;
• X51 is—(X52) 15—;
• X52 is each independently at each occurrence a group selected from the group consisting of —O—, —S—, an o-, m-, or p-phenylene group, —CO—, —C(O)O—, —CONR54—, —O—CONR54—, —NR54—, and —(CH2)n5—;
• R54 is each independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group;
• n5 is each independently at each occurrence an integer of 1 to 20;
• 15 is an integer of 1 to 10;
• p5 is 0 or 1;
• and
• q5 is 0 or 1,
• where at least one of p5 and q5 is 1, and the occurrence order of the respective repeating units enclosed in parentheses provided with p5 or q5 is not limited,
• or
• a group represented by the following:
• wherein Xa is each independently a single bond or a divalent organic group,
• ;
• α is an integer of 1 to 3;
• β is an integer of 1 to 3;
• and
• γ is each independently an integer of 1 to 9.