Ammonia fuel cell system capable of fast adsorption-desorption switching by self-evaporation of ammonia and power generation method thereof

An ammonia fuel cell system capable of rapid adsorption-and-desorption switching by self-evaporation of ammonia, comprising:

• an ammonia decomposition reactor (1);
• an ammonia tank (2);
• a first heat exchanger (3);
• a fuel tank (4);
• a first blower (5);
• a second heat exchanger (6);
• an adsorption column device (7);
• a fuel cell (8);
• a gas circulation system (9);
• and
• an exhaust gas combustion system (10),
• wherein an outlet of the ammonia tank (2), via the first heat exchanger (3), is in communication with an ammonia gas inlet (12) of the ammonia decomposition reactor (1),
• wherein a decomposition gas outlet (13) of the ammonia decomposition reactor (1), through the first heat exchanger (3), is in communication with an adsorption inlet of the adsorption column device (7), wherein a product produced by decomposition of ammonia gas in the ammonia decomposition reactor (1) preheats a raw ammonia gas via the first heat exchanger (3),
• wherein the fuel tank (4) is in communication with the ammonia decomposition reactor (1) for feeding a fuel gas to the ammonia decomposition reactor (1),
• wherein an adsorption gas outlet of the adsorption column device (7) is in communication with a hydrogen fuel inlet (81) of the fuel cell (8) to provide a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen to the fuel cell (8),
• wherein a stack outlet (82) of the fuel cell (8), via the gas circulation system (9), is in communication with an exhaust gas inlet of the adsorption column device (7),
• wherein an exhaust gas outlet of the adsorption column device (7) is in communication with the exhaust gas combustion system (10),
• wherein a gas outlet of the first blower (5), via the second heat exchanger (6), is in communication with the fuel gas inlet (15) of the ammonia decomposition reactor (1),
• wherein a flue gas outlet (16) of the ammonia decomposition reactor (1), via the second heat exchanger (6), is in communication with a flue gas inlet of the adsorption column device (7), and
• wherein a flue gas produced by the ammonia decomposition reactor (1) passes through the second heat exchanger (6), thereby preheating an air discharged by the first blower (5).