Systems and methods for fabricating ring structures

A system for forming a ring structure comprising:

• a carrier having a surface for receiving a substrate;
• an actuator for translating the carrier in at least two directions;
• a perforation laser assembly comprising a perforation laser source and at least one lens;
• a heating laser beam assembly comprising a heating laser source and at least one focusing lens;
• and
• a controller programmed to control the actuator, the perforation laser source, and the heating laser source to:
• form an inner contour and an outer contour comprising a plurality of perforations by directing a pulsed laser beam focal line from the perforation laser source into the substrate at a plurality of locations, the pulsed laser beam focal line generating an induced absorption within the substrate at each of the locations, the induced absorption producing one of the plurality of perforations;
• and
• heat the outer contour with a heating laser beam from the heating laser source such that an article separates from the substrate at the outer contour, and
• heat a region of the article between an outer edge of the article and the inner contour with the heating laser beam such that an inner portion of the article is removable at the inner contour to form the ring structure.