Antiviral compounds and methods

Thapsigargin, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, derivative or prodrug thereof, for use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the viral infection is caused by one or more human influenza A viruses and/or avian influenza A viruses.

Thapsigargin, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, derivative or prodrug thereof, for use in the treatment or prevention of viral infection in a subject;

• wherein said viral infection is caused by a virus of the order nidoviridae;
• wherein preferably said viral infection is caused by a coronavirus, an artevirus, an okavirus, a mesonivirus or a ronivirus;
• wherein more preferably the viral infection is caused by a coronavirus optionally selected from COVID-19 (SARS-coronavirus-2), Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-coronavirus, Middle East respiratory syndrome-related (MERS)-coronavirus, Human coronavirus OC43 or Human coronavirus 229E.

Thapsigargin, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, derivative or prodrug thereof, for use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said use comprises administering the thapsigargin or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, derivative or prodrug thereof to the subject in an amount of from about 0.01 μg/kg to about 50 μg/kg.

Thapsigargin, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, derivative or prodrug thereof, for use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said use comprises administering the thapsigargin or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, derivative or prodrug thereof to the subject in an amount of from about 0.1 μg/kg to about 10 μg/kg.

Thapsigargin, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, derivative or prodrug thereof, for use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said thapsigargin or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, derivative or prodrug thereof is formulated in a solid oral dosage form.

Thapsigargin, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, derivative or prodrug thereof, for use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said thapsigargin or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, derivative or prodrug thereof is formulated in a liquid oral dosage form.

Thapsigargin, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, derivative or prodrug thereof, for use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said use comprises administering the thapsigargin or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, derivative or prodrug thereof to the subject with a frequency of administration of from about one per week to about three times per day.

Thapsigargin, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, derivative or prodrug thereof, for use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said use comprises administering the thapsigargin or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, derivative or prodrug thereof to the subject once daily or twice daily.

Thapsigargin, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, derivative or prodrug thereof, for use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said use further comprises administering an additional antiviral agent to the subject.

Thapsigargin, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, derivative or prodrug thereof, for use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the antiviral agent is selected from zanamivir, oseltamivir, peramivir, baloxavir marboxil, favipiravir, amantadine or rimantadine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of any of the preceding agents.

Thapsigargin, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, derivative or prodrug thereof, for use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said thapsigargin or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, stereoisomer, derivative or prodrug thereof is obtainable by hydrolysis of thapsigargin, wherein said hydrolysis is preferably acid-catalysed hydrolysis.