Spectrum sharing without network sharing

A first base station, comprising:

• memory;
• radio frequency (RF) circuitry;
• and
• processing circuitry, coupled with the memory, to:
• determine an amount of available shared spectrum in excess of a need of the first base station;
• transmit, to a second base station, a first message comprising terms of an offer of access to the available shared spectrum in excess of the need of the first base station based on the determination of the amount of available spectrum in excess of a need of the first base station, the first base station associated with a first operator and the second base station associate with a second operator;
• and
• receiving, from the second base station, a second message comprising terms of an acceptance of the offer of access to the available shared spectrum.

One or more non-transitory, computer-readable media including stored thereon instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause a first base station to:

• determine a need for shared spectrum for use by the first base station;
• transmit, a message to a second base station, a first message indicating an intention to use the shared spectrum based on the determined need for the shared spectrum, the first base station associated with a first operator and the second base station associate with a second operator;
• determine that the second base station has not indicated an intention to use the shared spectrum;
• and
• access the shared spectrum, based on the determination that the that the second base station has not indicated an intention to use the shared spectrum.