Electrochemical cell with bilayer electrocatalyst structure including graphene-based material

An electrochemical cell comprising:

• an anode catalyst layer;
• a cathode catalyst layer;
• an electrolyte membrane layer extending between the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer;
• and
• a graphene-based layer disposed between the cathode catalyst layer and the electrolyte membrane layer and/or the anode catalyst layer and the electrolyte membrane layer, the graphene-based layer is separate and discrete from the anode catalyst layer, the cathode catalyst layer, and the electrolyte membrane layer, the graphene-based layer is configured to suppress crossover gases to enhance performance of the electrochemical cell.

An electrochemical cell comprising:

• an anode catalyst layer;
• a cathode catalyst layer;
• an electrolyte membrane layer extending between the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer;
• and
• a graphene-based layer disposed between the cathode catalyst layer and the electrolyte membrane layer and/or the anode catalyst layer and the electrolyte membrane layer, the graphene-based layer includes first regions of single layer graphene flakes and second regions of stacks of multi-layer graphene flakes, the graphene-based layer is configured to suppress crossover gases to enhance performance of the electrochemical cell.