Quadrilateral common-path time-modulated interferometric spectral imaging device and method

A quadrilateral common-path time-modulated interferometric spectral imaging device comprising a quadrilateral common-path interferometer, the quadrilateral common-path interferometer has an asymmetric structure, and the quadrilateral common-path interferometer is provided with a moving mirror scanning mechanism for generating time-varying optical path difference, and the quadrilateral common-path time-modulated interferometric spectral imaging device works in a staring observation mode;

• the quadrilateral common-path interferometer comprises a first optical path adjustment module and a second optical path adjustment module;
• the first optical path adjustment module and the second optical path adjustment module are combined to constitute the moving mirror scanning mechanism, the first optical path adjustment module and the second optical path adjustment module are placed in two arms of the interferometer, and the two arms respectively produce a first optical path and a second optical path, a combination of the first optical path and the second optical path forms optical path difference changes from −L to 0 and then from 0 to +L, where L is a maximum optical path difference,
• wherein the quadrilateral common-path interferometer further comprises a semi-transparent semi-reflective beam splitter, a first planar mirror, a second planar mirror, and a third planar mirror;
• a target light is incident to the quadrilateral common-path interferometer, which is divided into a first transmitted beam and a first reflected beam after passing through the semi-transparent semi-reflective beam splitter;
• the first transmitted beam returns to the semi-translucent semi-reflective beam splitter again after reflecting from the first plane mirror, the second plane mirror, and the third plane mirror and passing through the first optical path adjustment module, and is divided into a second transmitted beam and a second reflected beam by the semi-transparent semi-reflective beam splitter;
• the first reflected beam returns to the semi-transparent semi-reflective beam splitter again after reflecting from the first plane mirror, the second plane mirror, and the third plane mirror, and passing through the second optical path adjustment module, and is divided into a third transmitted beam and a third reflected beam by the semi-transparent semi-reflective beam splitter;
• the second reflected beam and the third transmitted beam exit in a first direction, and the second transmitted beam and the third reflected beam exit in a second direction,
• wherein the first transmitted beam and the first reflected beam are incident on the first planar mirror at different positions, and the first transmitted beam and the first reflected beam are incident on the second planar mirror at different positions.