Optimized synchronization for redirected standby dml commands

One or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing one or more sequences of instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause:

• a standby database system maintaining a standby database that replicates a primary database maintained by a primary database system;
• the standby database system redirecting, to the primary database system, a Data Manipulation Language (DML) command from a particular standby session of the standby database system;
• wherein the DML command, when executed, causes modification of one or more database objects;
• receiving, from the primary database system, transaction metadata for a transaction that implemented the DML command within the primary database, the transaction metadata comprising one or more timestamps for the transaction;
• for each database object of the one or more database objects, recording, in session data for the particular standby session, a DML target object (DTO) record comprising a timestamp, of the one or more timestamps, and an identifier of said each database object;
• after recording the one or more DTO records, executing a query in the particular standby session that accesses a particular database object, comprising:
• determining whether any valid DTO record in the session data includes an identifier of the particular database object,
• responsive to determining that a particular valid DTO record in the session data includes the identifier of the particular database object, delaying execution of the query.