CLOSED-LOOP SIMULTANEOUS FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (fMRI)-ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM (EEG)-TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION (TMS) SYSTEM

A closed-loop electroencephalogram (EEG)-repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) system, comprising:

• a processor configured to
• acquire EEG data;
• trigger a rTMS pulse;
• process the EEG data and the rTMS pulse;
• and
• determine a target alpha phase,
• wherein a first alpha phase is determined before the target alpha phase is determined.

A method of determining a target alpha phase in brain of a subject, comprising:

• performing a first simultaneous scan to determine a first alpha phase which evoked strongest activity in dorsal cingulate cortex (dACC);
• performing a treatment of multiple sessions to the subject;
• and
• performing a second simultaneous scan at the end of the subject's treatment to determine a target alpha phase after the treatment was complete;
• wherein the simultaneous scan uses functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, electroencephalogram (EEG) data, and a trigger transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) pulse.