Systems and methods for determining a radiation dose

A system for determining a fluence map, comprising:

• at least one storage device storing a set of instructions;
• and
• at least one processor in communication with the storage device, wherein when executing the set of instructions, the at least one processor is configured to cause the system to perform operations including:
• obtaining a radiation auxiliary image of a target object at a target radiation time point and an initial fluence map corresponding to the target radiation time point;
• and
• determining a target fluence map corresponding to the target radiation time point by one or more iterations at least based on the radiation auxiliary image, the initial fluence map, and data related to radiation source.

A system for determining a radiation dose, comprising:

• at least one storage device storing a set of instructions;
• and
• at least one processor in communication with the storage device, wherein when executing the set of instructions, the at least one processor is configured to cause the system to perform operations including:
• obtaining a radiation auxiliary image of a target object at a target radiation time point;
• obtaining a plurality of scanning images of the target object, the plurality of scanning images including a sequence of images corresponding to a plurality of phases respectively;
• determining a target scanning image from the plurality of scanning images based on the radiation auxiliary image;
• and
• determining the radiation dose received by the target object at the target radiation time point based on the target scanning image and the radiation auxiliary image.