Encoding method and apparatus, decoding method and apparatus, and device

A decoding method, comprising:

• receiving polar encoded bit information;
• and
• polar decoding the polar encoded bit information based on a second generator matrix, to obtain polar decoded bits, wherein:
• the second generator matrix is generated based on a first generator matrix;
• the first generator matrix includes at least two sub-blocks distributed based on a preset position relationship;
• a sub-block includes a plurality of first generator matrix cores;
• the second generator matrix includes T sub-blocks;
• a position relationship between two adjacent sub-blocks of the T sub-blocks is determined based on the preset position relationship;
• and
• T is a positive integer.

An encoding apparatus, comprising

• at least one processor;
• one or more memories coupled to the at least one processor and storing programming instructions for execution by the at least one processor, to:
• obtain K to-be-encoded bits, wherein K is a positive integer;
• determine a first generator matrix, wherein the first generator matrix includes at least two sub-blocks distributed based on a preset position relationship, and a sub-block includes a plurality of first generator matrix cores;
• generate a second generator matrix based on the first generator matrix, wherein the second generator matrix includes T sub-blocks, and a position relationship between two adjacent sub-blocks of the T sub-blocks is determined based on the preset position relationship, and T is a positive integer;
• and
• polar encode the K to-be-encoded bits based on the second generator matrix, to obtain encoded bits.