Polymerization installation with integrated combined absorption-diffusion and absorption-condensation unit and its application for polymer and copolymer preparation

Polymerization installation with an integrated, combined absorption-diffusion and absorption-condensation unit comprising an autoclave-type polymerization reactor installed inside the reactor body, a mixer and a cover fixed above the reactor body, wherein a feeding block (A), a reaction block (B), a combined absorption and condensation unit (C), as well as a discharge unit for removal of the finished product are structurally formed in the installation, where:

• a) the supply unit (A) comprises thermo worm conveyor equipped with a tubular metal housing with an axis located therein, driven by an electric motor and reduction gear, on which a spiral is installed, and the middle part of the metal body of the thermo worm conveyor is equipped with electric heaters and temperature sensors to achieve melting of the main output polymer, the free outlet of the thermo worm conveyor being located above an intermediate vessel for pouring the melt from the thermo worm conveyor, the intermediate vessel being equipped with cover, in which degasser and explosion-proof valve are installed, while in the middle of the intermediate vessel there are valves installed for supplying other reagents, and the lower part of the intermediate vessel is fixed to a screw feeder with a one-step monolithic transport coil built therein;
• b) the reaction unit (B) also includes a heating coil built into the reactor body and an outlet pipe fixed in its upper part, intended for fixed attachment of diffuser, and in the cover that is fixed on top of the reactor body there are inlet openings located laterally and opposite to each other, to which a pipeline for feeding the reaction mixture from the screw feeder and an inlet pipe with a fixed non-return valve are fixedly attached to introduce condensate from the outlet of the double hull heat exchanger back into the internal part of the reactor body, while in the upper part of the cover there is pipe installed for fixing an electric motor and reduction gear that actuate the mixer located at the bottom of the reactor body and is connected to the reduction gear by a metal rod;
• c) the combined absorption-diffusion and absorption-condensation unit (C) includes an outlet pipe fixed to the upper part of the reactor body with a diffuser attached therein, with a built-in non-return valve fixed to one end of the pipeline, the other end of which is fixed to a rectification dish installed and extending into the inner part of the outer housing of the double hull heat exchanger, the outer housing also comprising a hollow conical tubular body connected to the upper part of the rectification dish built into the outer housing, and at the outlet of the double hull heat exchanger one end of the pipeline is fixedly attached to an inlet pipe with a non-return valve installed therein, which is fixed to the lateral inlet in the cover;
• d) the unit for discharge of the finished product (D) includes an outlet pipeline fixed at one end to the bottom of the reactor body, and at the other end to an outlet worm conveyor ending with an outlet worm head.