Standardizing the output of an electrical property sensor

A method of standardizing an output of an electrical property sensor, the method comprising:

• calculating a reference magnitude (Condr) of an electrical property of an electrically conductive liquid, based on
• obtaining, by a spectrometer, spectral data resulting from an interaction of light comprising wavelength bands which contain at least a portion of one or more ultraviolet, visible and infrared regions with the electrically conductive liquid, and
• applying, in a data processor, a mathematical model to the spectral data to calculate the reference magnitude (Condr) of the electrical property, wherein the mathematical model links the spectral data to magnitudes of the electrical property;
• comparing, in a the data processor, a measured magnitude (Condm) of the electrical property of the electrically conductive liquid with the reference magnitude (Condr) of the electrical property, wherein the measured magnitude (Condm) of the electrical property is obtained with the electrical property sensor;
• determining, in the data processor, a standardization factor (F) dependent on a ratio of the reference magnitude (Condr) of the electrical property and the measured magnitude (Condm) of the electrical property;
• and
• applying, in the data processor, the standardization factor (F) to subsequent measured magnitudes (Condms) of the electrical properly of an electrically conductive sample liquid that are obtained with the electrical property sensor to generate a standardized electrical property measurement (Condstd) of the electrical properly of the electrically conductive sample liquid.