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US 2022/0069311 A1Published application
Safely Ingestible Batteries that Rapidly Deactivate in Biological Environments and Methods of Making Same
AssigneeFenwood Labs Inc.
InventorsBryan Laulicht, Jonah Myerberg, Ravikumar Vasudevan, Zachary Kelly
Life of this patent
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Abstract
The present disclosure provides batteries that have a reduced risk or no risk of esophageal or gastrointestinal damage in a conductive aqueous environment, such as when accidentally swallowed. The batteries are, in some embodiments, nominally 9V, 3V or 1.5V coin or button cell-type batteries.
Claims69
A battery comprising:
- a) an anode case;
- b) a cathode case comprising a deactivating metal, wherein the deactivating metal comprises Nb, Ta, an alloy thereof, or any combination thereof;
- c) an electrochemical cell comprising an anode, a cathode, and a separator positioned between the anode and the cathode;
- and
- d) a gasket between the anode case and the cathode case;
- wherein the deactivating metal is present in a layer that has a uniform or varying thickness of 100 nm to 400 μm;
- and
- e) optionally an external coating on an outer surface of the anode case, or an outer surface of the cathode case, or both, wherein the external coating comprises Ni, Al, Cu, Cr, Zn, an alloy thereof, or any combination of two or more thereof;
- wherein the deactivating metal is present in a layer that has a uniform or varying thickness of 100 nm to 1 μm, 100 nm to 3 μm, 100 nm to 5 μm, 100 nm to 10 μm, 1 μm to 400 μm, 3 μm to 100 μm, 3 μm to 50 μm, 15 μm to 300 μm, 14 μm to 200 μm, 25 μm to 50 μm, 50 μm to 400 μm, 50 μm to 300 μm, 50 μm to 200 μm, 50 μm to 175 μm, 55 μm to 400 μm, 55 μm to 300 μm, 55 μm to 200 μm, 60 μm to 400 μm, 60 μm to 300 μm, 60 μm to 200 μm, 200 μm to 300 μm, or 300 μm to 400 μm.
6 more elements
-7. (canceled)
-13. (canceled)
-17. (canceled)
-40. (canceled)
A battery comprising:
- a) an anode case;
- b) a cathode case comprising a deactivating metal, wherein the deactivating metal comprises Re, W, or an alloy thereof;
- c) an electrochemical cell comprising an anode, a cathode, and a separator positioned between the anode and the cathode;
- and
- d) a gasket between the anode case and the cathode case;
- wherein the deactivating metal is present in a layer that has a uniform or varying thickness of 100 nm to 400 μm;
- and
- e) optionally an external coating on an outer surface of the anode case, or an outer surface of the cathode case, or both, wherein the external coating comprises Ni, Al, Cu, Cr, Zn, an alloy thereof, or any combination of two or more thereof;
- wherein the deactivating metal is present in a layer that has a uniform or varying thickness of 100 nm to 1 μm, 100 nm to 3 μm, 100 nm to 5 μm, 100 nm to 10 μm, 1 μm to 400 μm, 3 μm to 100 μm, 3 μm to 50 μm, 15 μm to 300 μm, 14 μm to 200 μm, 25 μm to 50 μm, 50 μm to 400 μm, 50 μm to 300 μm, 50 μm to 200 μm, 50 μm to 175 μm, 55 μm to 400 μm, 55 μm to 300 μm, 55 μm to 200 μm, 60 μm to 400 μm, 60 μm to 300 μm, 60 μm to 200 μm, 200 μm to 300 μm, or 300 μm to 400 μm.
6 more elements
-44. (canceled)
-50. (canceled)
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-77. (canceled)
A battery comprising:
- a) an anode case;
- b) a cathode case comprising a deactivating metal, wherein the deactivating metal comprises Ti or an alloy thereof, and the battery optionally comprises an external coating on an outer surface of the anode case, or an outer surface of the cathode case, or both, wherein the external coating comprises Al, Cu, Cr, or Zn, an alloy thereof, or any combination of two or more thereof;
- c) an electrochemical cell comprising an anode, a cathode, and a separator positioned between the anode and the cathode;
- and
- d) a gasket between the anode case and the cathode case;
- wherein the deactivating metal is present in a layer that has a uniform or varying thickness of greater than 50 μm to 300 μm, or greater than 50 μm to 200 μm, 200 μm to 300 μm, or 300 μm to 400 μm.
3 more elements
-83. (canceled)
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-91. (canceled)
-95. (canceled)
-106. (canceled)
-113. (canceled)
-124. (canceled)
-130. (canceled)
A coin cell or a cylindrical battery comprising a battery case,
- wherein the battery case comprises a sealing cup and a bottom can and a gasket, wherein an outer diameter of the sealing cup is smaller than an inner diameter of the bottom can and at least a portion of the sealing cup is positioned inside the bottom can with the gasket between the sealing cup and the bottom can, and wherein an annular wall of the bottom can is crimped towards an annular wall of the sealing cup, and further wherein the battery case comprises a deactivating metal;
- or
- wherein the sealing cup is an anode case and the bottom can is a cathode case;
- and further wherein the bottom can comprises a deactivating metal;
- or wherein the sealing cup is a cathode case and the bottom can is an anode case;
- and further wherein both the bottom can and the sealing cup comprise a deactivating metal.
3 more elements
-133. (canceled)
-140. (canceled)
-144. (canceled)
-151. (canceled)
A cathode case comprising
- a cathode inner conductive layer,
- a cathode deactivating layer comprising a deactivating metal comprising Ta, Nb, Re, W, Ti, alloys thereof, or any combinations thereof;
- wherein the cathode deactivating layer has a uniform or varying thickness of 1 μm to 400 μm;
- and optionally an external coating on an outer surface of the cathode case, wherein the external coating comprises Ni, Al, Cu, Cr, Zn, an alloy thereof, or any combination of two or more thereof;
- and wherein the optional external coating has a uniform or varying thickness of 100 nm to 7 μm or of 100 nm to 5 μm.
2 more elements
-156. (canceled)
-164. (canceled)
-172. (canceled)
A laminate comprising:
- a conductive layer, wherein the conductive layer has a uniform or varying thickness of 10 μm to 400 μm, and
- a deactivating layer comprising a deactivating metal chosen from Ta, Nb, Re, W, Ti, alloys thereof, and combinations thereof, wherein the deactivating layer has a uniform or varying thickness of 10 μm to 400 μm, and
- optionally an external coating,
- wherein the laminate is for use in an anode case or a cathode case.
1 more element
(canceled)
-179. (canceled)
A method of manufacturing a laminate for use in an anode case or a cathode case, wherein the laminate comprises:
- a conductive layer, wherein the conductive layer has a uniform or varying thickness of 10 μm to 400 μm, and
- a deactivating layer, comprising a deactivating metal chosen from Ta, Nb, Re, W, Ti, alloys thereof, and combinations thereof, wherein the deactivating layer has a uniform or varying thickness of 10 μm to 400 μm, and,
- optionally an external coating;
- wherein the method comprises:
- cladding the conductive layer and the deactivating layer;
- and
- optionally laminating the external coating to the deactivating layer of the laminate.
4 more elements
The method of manufacturing of claim 179, wherein the conductive layer has a uniform or varying thickness of 50 μm to 100 μm, or 75 μm to 200 μm, or 175 μm to 300 μm;
- and/or wherein the deactivating layer has a uniform or varying thickness of 1 μm to 75 μm, or 50 μm to 100 μm, or 75 μm to 200 μm, or 175 μm to 300 μm;
- and/or wherein the laminate thickness has a uniform or varying thickness of 75 μm to 400 μm.
-195. (canceled)
A method of manufacturing a cathode case comprising:
- a) forming a deactivating metal into a deactivating cup having a bottom, an annular side, a rim, and each of the bottom, annular side, and rim having an interior surface, and an exterior surface;
- b) forming an inner conductive metal into an inner conductive cup having a bottom, an annular side, and a rim, and each of the bottom, annular side, and rim having an interior surface, and an exterior surface;
- c) placing the inner conductive cup into the deactivating cup, wherein the exterior surfaces of the inner conductive cup are in electrical contact with the inner surfaces of the deactivating cup, thereby forming the cathode case;
- and
- wherein the forming of the deactivating cup and/or the inner conductive cup comprises a process chosen from stamping, wire forming, metal casting or metal injection molding.
2 more elements
-202. (canceled)
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.