Fuel cell control method and system based on model predictive control

A fuel cell control system based on model prediction control, comprising a fuel cell control unit, a CAN bus, a data collection module, an air compressor controller, and a DC/DC controller, wherein the fuel cell control unit is separately connected to the data collection module, the air compressor controller, and the DC/DC controller through the CAN bus, and the fuel cell control unit executes a fuel cell control method based on model prediction control, wherein the method comprises:

• S1:
• obtaining data required for control, wherein the data required for control comprise required power for a fuel cell system, a rotational speed of an air compressor, outlet pressure of the air compressor, temperature of a fuel cell, gas pressure of a cathode inlet of the fuel cell, gas pressure of a cathode outlet of the fuel cell, a voltage of the fuel cell, and a current of the fuel cell;
• S2:
• determining whether the data required for control are received completely, and under a condition that the data required for control are received completely, proceeding to step S3, otherwise proceeding to step S1;
• S3:
• estimating an internal state of the fuel cell based on the outlet pressure of the air compressor and the voltage of the fuel cell to obtain a state estimation result, wherein the internal state comprises pressure and partial pressure of oxygen of the cathode of the fuel cell;
• S4:
• calculating a target outlet flow of the air compressor and a target current of the fuel cell with a model prediction control algorithm based on the state estimation result;
• S5:
• calculating a control voltage of the air compressor based on the rotational speed of the air compressor, the outlet pressure of the air compressor, and the target outlet flow of the air compressor;
• and
• S6:
• tracking the power of the fuel cell based on the target current of the fuel cell, and controlling air supply of the fuel cell based on the control voltage of the air compressor.