Data retrieval via incremental updates to graph data structures

A system comprising:

• a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a graph data structure and a change list, the graph data structure comprising (a) nodes representing computing devices and online entities and (b) edges between nodes representing relationships among the computing devices and the online entities;
• processing hardware communicatively coupled to the non-transitory computer-readable medium and configured for performing operations comprising:
• servicing a first query by performing a first search of nodes from the graph data structure,
• applying a modification to the graph data structure,
• receiving a second query,
• identifying, from the change list, a subset of the nodes impacted by the modification to the graph data structure,
• servicing the second query by performing a second search that is limited to the subset of the nodes.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium having program code stored thereon, wherein the program code is executable by one or more processing devices to perform operations comprising:

• servicing a first query having a set of query parameter values with respect to traits of computing devices for accessing interactive computing environments and traits of online entities that are authenticated by the interactive computing environments, wherein servicing the first query comprises performing a first search of nodes from a graph data structure and responding to the first query with a first segment set;
• receiving a second query having the set of query parameter values;
• a step for performing a second search of the graph data structure that is constrained by a change list for tracking changes to the graph data structure;
• and
• responding to the second query with a second segment set generated by performing the second search.