Method and device for measuring, in real time and in situ, thermodynamic data of a battery (enthalpy and entropy)

Method for measuring, in situ, online and in real time, thermodynamic data, in particular the variation in entropy ΔS, of at least one battery, wherein the method comprising:

• (Phase I) Producing a prior model of the battery of which the state of charge (SOC) is comprised between 0 and 100% by implementing the following steps:
• (a) charging the battery at least partially with a charge current signal Sc;
• (b) and/or discharging the battery at least partially with a discharge current signal Sd;
• (c) Measuring actual variables useful in the following steps;
• (d) Modelling the electrical behaviour of the battery during charging (a) with a charge current signal Sc and/or discharging (b) with a discharge current signal Sd, in order to estimate the electrical parameters of the battery;
• (e) Estimating periodically, at a frequency Fe, electrical parameters of the battery;
• (f) Modelling the thermal behaviour of the battery during charging (a) with a charge current Sc and/or discharging (b) with a discharge current signal Sd, in order to estimate in situ, online and in real time, at least one of the parameters of the thermal model, namely ΔS;
• (g) Estimating periodically, at a frequency Fg, at least one of the parameters of the thermal model, in particular ΔS, by using at least one of the electrical parameters estimated in step (e);
• (Phase II) Measuring thermodynamic data, in particular ΔS, of the battery during use in an application and with any state of charge, by implementing the electrical [step (d)] and thermal [step (f)] models of the phase I, estimating electrical parameters [step (e)] and estimating at least one of the parameters of the thermal model, in particular ΔS [step (g)].