Diabetes management system with automatic basal and manual bolus insulin control

A diabetes management system with automatic basal and manual bolus insulin control, the diabetes management system comprising:

• a delivery device for delivering insulin to a subject;
• a glucose sensor for measuring glucose levels of the subject;
• a bolus calculator into which a manual bolus insulin dose is initiated by the subject, the manual bolus insulin dose being determined by the bolus calculator as a function of a difference between a present glucose level of the subject, a glucose sensitivity of the subject, and an on-board insulin level of the subject;
• and
• a controller configured to:
• receive glucose levels of the subject from the glucose sensor on a periodic basis,
• automatically calculate a basal insulin dose using a model predictive control (MPC) algorithm and physiological data of the subject including desired glucose levels, amounts of the delivered insulin and the measured glucose levels of the subject,
• receive the manual bolus insulin dose determined by the bolus calculator,
• modify the manual bolus insulin dose based on the MPC algorithm and physiological data of the subject.

A method for managing diabetes using automatic basal and manual bolus insulin control in an artificial pancreas system having:

• a delivery device for delivering insulin to a subject, a glucose sensor for measuring glucose levels of the subject, a bolus calculator configured to determine a manual bolus insulin dose, and a controller, the method comprising the steps of:
• using the controller, receiving glucose levels of the subject from the glucose sensor on a periodic basis;
• using the controller, automatically calculating a basal insulin dose using a model predictive control (MPC) algorithm and physiological data of the subject including desired glucose levels, amounts of the delivered insulin and the measured glucose levels of the subject;
• using the bolus calculator, determining a manual bolus insulin dose based on physiological data of the subject as a function of a difference between a present glucose level and the target glucose level, a glucose sensitivity of the subject, and the on-board level of insulin of the subject;
• having the controller receive the determined manual bolus insulin dose from the bolus calculator;
• and
• modifying the determined manual bolus insulin dose determined by the bolus calculator based on the MPC algorithm and physiological data of the subject;
• determining a total insulin dose based on the modified manual bolus insulin dose and the calculated basal insulin dose;
• and
• commanding the delivery device to deliver the total insulin dose to the subject.