Slippery Liquid-Infused Porous Surfaces that Release Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Agents

A method for reducing, inhibiting, or modulating the behaviors of non-adherent pathogens in media surrounding a substrate comprising the steps of:

• a) providing a material on the substrate, said material comprising:
• i) a porous matrix;
• ii) an emulsion covering at least a portion of the porous matrix, said emulsion comprising a liquid continuous phase and a plurality of liquid droplets dispersed within the continuous phase, wherein said emulsion at least partially fills the pores of the porous matrix and allows other liquids and compounds to slide off the material without adhering to the material;
• and
• iii) one or more molecules dispersed within the plurality of liquid droplets, wherein said one or more molecules are able to reduce, inhibit, or modulate the behaviors said pathogens upon contact with said pathogens;
• b) controllably releasing the one or more molecules from the emulsion into said media, wherein the one or more molecules contact the pathogens thereby reducing the number of pathogens, inhibiting the growth or colonization of the pathogens, or modulating the behaviors of the pathogens.