Techniques for Non-Invasive Determination of Estimated Cardiac Output During Dialysis Treatment

A method of performing dialysis on a patient via a dialysis system, comprising:

• determining an upper body oxygen consumption for the patient;
• determining, during a dialysis process:
• a hemoglobin concentration and a venous oxygen saturation measured via an optical blood monitor operably coupled to an extracorporeal circuit of a dialysis system performing the dialysis process,
• an arterial oxygen saturation measured via a pulse oximeter operably coupled to the patient,
• an arterial-venous oxygen content difference based on the arterial oxygen saturation and the venous oxygen saturation, and
• an upper body blood flow (UBBF) as (the upper body oxygen consumption)/(the arterial-venous oxygen content difference);
• and
• determining a treatment recommendation based on the UBBF.

A dialysis system configured to perform a dialysis process on a patient, comprising:

• an extracorporeal circuit operably coupled to the patient;
• an optical blood monitor operably coupled to the extracorporeal circuit;
• a pulse oximeter operably coupled to the patient;
• at least one processor;
• and
• a memory coupled to the at least one processor, the memory comprising instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to:
• determine an upper body oxygen consumption for the patient;
• determine, during the dialysis process:
• a hemoglobin concentration and a venous oxygen saturation measured via the optical blood monitor,
• an arterial oxygen saturation measured via the pulse oximeter,
• an arterial-venous oxygen content difference based on the arterial oxygen saturation and the venous oxygen saturation, and
• an upper body blood flow (UBBF) as (the upper body oxygen consumption)/(the arterial-venous oxygen content difference);
• and
• determine a treatment recommendation based on the UBBF.