Nanomaterials

A compound of Formula (I):

• wherein:
• R1 is C9-C20 alkyl or C9-C20 alkenyl with 1-3 units of unsaturation;
• X1 and X2 are each independently absent or selected from —O—, —NR2— and
• wherein each R2 is independently hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;
• each a is independently an integer between 1 and 6;
• X3 and X4 are each independently absent or selected from the group consisting of:
• 4- to 8-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 C1-C6 alkyl groups, 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 C1-C6 alkyl groups, 5- to 6-membered aryl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 C1-C6 alkyl groups, 4- to 7-membered cycloalkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 C1-C6 alkyl groups, —O— and —NR3 wherein each R3 is a independently a hydrogen atom or C1-C6 alkyl and wherein X1-X2—X3—X4 does not contain any oxygen-oxygen, oxygen-nitrogen or nitrogen-nitrogen bonds;
• X5 is —(CH2)b—, wherein b is an integer between 0 and 6;
• X6 is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 C1-C6 alkyl groups, or —NR4R5, wherein R4 and R5 are each independently hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;
• or alternatively R4 and R5 join together with the nitrogen to which they are bound to form a 4- to 7-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 C1-C6 alkyl groups, wherein the heterocyclyl optionally includes an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen;
• each X7 is independently hydrogen, hydroxyl or —NR6R7, wherein R6 and R7 are each independently hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl;
• or alternatively R6 and R7 join together with the nitrogen to which they are bound to form a 4- to 7-membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 C1-C6 alkyl groups, wherein the heterocyclyl optionally includes an additional heteroatom selected from oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen;
• at least one of X1, X2, X3, X4, and X5 is present;
• A1 and A2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of:
• C5-C12 haloalkyl, C5-C12 alkenyl, C5-C12 alkynyl, (C5-C12 alkoxy)-(CH2)n2—, (C5-C10 aryl)-(CH2)n3— optionally ring substituted with one or two halo, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 haloalkyl, or C1-C6 alkoxy groups, and (C3-C8 cycloalkyl)-(CH2)n4— optionally ring substituted with 1 or 2 C1-C6 alkyl groups;
• or alternatively A1 and A2 join together with the atoms to which they are bound to form a 5- to 6-membered cyclic acetal substituted with 1 or 2 C4-C10 alkyl groups;
• n1, n2 and n3 are each individually an integer between 1 and 4;
• and
• n4 is an integer between zero and 4.