Extraction of target materials using czts sorbent

A method of extracting a target material from a medium, the method comprising:

• contacting a copper zinc tin sulfur (CZTS) sorbent with the target material in the medium comprising the target material to form a used CZTS sorbent that comprises the target material, wherein the target material comprises a metal, a heavy metal, a precious metal, a rare earth metal, a rare metal, an alkali metal, a transition metal, an alkaline earth metal, a metalloid, selenium, selenite, selenate, sulfur, nitrogen, nitrogen dioxide, nitrate, nitrite, phosphorus, phosphate, phosphite, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, ammonia, boron, a halogen, mercury, mercury oxide, a compound thereof, a complex thereof, a salt thereof, an organic solvent, or a combination thereof.

A method of extracting a target material from a medium, the method comprising:

• contacting a copper zinc tin sulfur (CZTS) sorbent with the target material in the medium comprising the target material to form a used CZTS sorbent that comprises the target material, wherein the target material comprises a metal, a heavy metal, a precious metal, a rare earth metal, a rare metal, an alkali metal, a transition metal, an alkaline earth metal, a metalloid, selenium, selenite, selenate, sulfur, nitrogen, nitrogen dioxide, nitrate, nitrite, phosphorus, phosphate, phosphite, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, ammonia, boron, a halogen, mercury, mercury oxide, a compound thereof, a complex thereof, a salt thereof, an organic solvent, or a combination thereof, wherein the medium comprises a medium used in or obtained from a mining operation.

A method of extracting a target material from a medium, the method comprising:

• contacting a copper zinc tin sulfur (CZTS) sorbent with the target material in the medium comprising the target material to form a used CZTS sorbent that comprises the target material, wherein the target material comprises a metal, a heavy metal, a precious metal, a rare earth metal, a rare metal, an alkali metal, a transition metal, an alkaline earth metal, a metalloid, selenium, selenite, selenate, sulfur, nitrogen, nitrogen dioxide, nitrate, nitrite, phosphorus, phosphate, phosphite, sulfur, sulfur dioxide, ammonia, boron, a halogen, mercury, mercury oxide, a compound thereof, a complex thereof, a salt thereof, an organic solvent, or a combination thereof, wherein the medium is a medium from a combustion or cleanup process in a power plant.