Multicast message delivery using a directional two-dimensional router and network

A system, comprising:

• a plurality of client cores, and
• a directional, two-dimensional interconnection network, comprising:
• a plurality of directional message routers, each router configured with a first dimension message input port, a second dimension message input port, a first dimension message output port, and a second dimension message output port, and wherein
• each router is disposed in some first dimension unidirectional ring of routers wherein the first dimension message input port of the router is coupled to the first dimension message output port of another router disposed in the same first dimension unidirectional ring, and
• each router is disposed in some second dimension unidirectional ring of routers wherein the second dimension message input port of the router is coupled to the second dimension message output port of another router disposed in the same second dimension unidirectional ring, and wherein
• each client core is configured to provide a message input to one of the routers or to receive a message output from one of the routers or to both provide a message input to one of the routers and receive a message output from one of the routers, and wherein the interconnection network is configured to transmit a message received from a first client core by a first router, responsive to a multicast destination of the message, to the message input port of a second client core and to the message input port of a third client core, wherein
• the message input port of the second client core is coupled to the first or second dimension message output port of the second router.