Surface-modified inorganic nitride, composition, thermally conductive material, and device with thermally conductive layer

A surface-modified inorganic nitride comprising:

• an inorganic nitride;
• and
• a compound which is represented by General Formula (1) and is adsorbed onto a surface of the inorganic nitride,
• in General Formula (1), m represents an integer of 0 or greater and in a case where m is 0, Z is directly bonded to X;
• n represents an integer 3 to 6;
• X represents a benzene ring group or a heterocyclic group, which may have a substituent;
• L1 represents an arylene group which may have a substituent, an ester group, an ether group, a thioester group, a thioether group, a carbonyl group, —NRN—, an azo group, or an unsaturated hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent;
• Z represents an aryl group or a heterocyclic group, which may have a substituent;
• a plurality of m's may be the same as or different from each other;
• in a case where a plurality of L1's are present, the plurality of L1's may be the same as or different from each other;
• a plurality of Z's may be the same as or different from each other;
• RN represents a hydrogen atom, or an organic group which has 1 to 10 carbon atoms and may have a substituent.