Methods for treating atherosclerosis with gamma-ketoaldehyde scavengers

A method of treating, preventing, or ameliorating atherosclerosis, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a compound of the following formula:

• wherein:
• R is C;
• R2 is independently H, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, CF3, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, C3-10 cycloalkyl, C3-8 membered ring containing C, O, S or N, optionally substituted with one or more R2, R3 and R4, and may cyclize with to one or more R2, R3, or R5 to form an optionally substituted C3-8 membered ring containing C, O, S or N;
• R3 is H, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, CF3, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, C3-10 cycloalkyl, C3-8 membered ring containing C, O, S or N, optionally substituted with one or more R4, R2 and R3 may cyclize with to one or more R2 or R5 to form an optionally substituted C3-8 membered ring containing C, O, S or N;
• R4 is H, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, CF3, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, C3-10 cycloalkyl, C3-8 membered ring containing C, O, S or N, optionally substituted with one or more R4, R2 and R3 may cyclize with to one or more R2, R3, or R5 to form an optionally substituted C3-8 membered ring containing C, O, S or N;
• R5 is a bond, H, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, CF3, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, C3-10 cycloalkyl, C3-membered ring containing C, O, S or N, optionally substituted with one or more R4, R2 and R3 may cyclize with to one or more R2, R3, or R4 to form an optionally substituted C3-8 membered ring containing C, O, S or N;
• and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

A composition for treating, preventing, or ameliorating atherosclerosis, wherein the composition comprises a compound with a structure represented by the following formula:

• wherein:
• R is C;
• R2 is independently H, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, CF3, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, C3-10 cycloalkyl, C3-8 membered ring containing C, O, S or N, optionally substituted with one or more R2, R3 and R4, and may cyclize with to one or more R2, R3, or R5 to form an optionally substituted C3-8 membered ring containing C, O, S or N;
• R3 is H, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, CF3, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, C3-10 cycloalkyl, C3-8 membered ring containing C, O, S or N, optionally substituted with one or more R4, R2 and R3 may cyclize with to one or more R2 or R5 to form an optionally substituted C3-8 membered ring containing C, O, S or N;
• R4 is H, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, CF3, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, C3-10 cycloalkyl, C3-8 membered ring containing C, O, S or N, optionally substituted with one or more R4, R2 and R3 may cyclize with to one or more R2, R3, or R5 to form an optionally substituted C3-8 membered ring containing C, O, S or N;
• R5 is a bond, H, hydroxy, halogen, nitro, CF3, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy, C3-10 cycloalkyl, C3-membered ring containing C, O, S or N, optionally substituted with one or more R4, R2 and R3 may cyclize with to one or more R2, R3, or R4 to form an optionally substituted C3-8 membered ring containing C, O, S or N;
• and stereoisomers and analogs thereof;
• and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.