Low reflection articles and related systems and methods
AssigneePacific Light & Hologram, Inc.
InventorsJoshua D. Wiensch, Tina Qin, Jonathan Seamus Blackley
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Abstract
Low reflection articles, and related systems and methods are disclosed. The articles have a surface with primary pores and secondary pores. At least some of the secondary pores contain agent, such, for example, a light absorbing dye.
Claims133
An article, comprising:
- a substrate comprising a metal,
- wherein:
- a surface of the substrate comprises primary pores and secondary pores;
- and
- an average diameter of the primary pores is at least four times greater than an average diameter of the secondary pores.
An article, comprising:
- a substrate comprising a metal,
- wherein:
- a surface of the substrate comprises primary pores and secondary pores;
- an average diameter of the primary pores is from 500 nm to 15 μm;
- and
- an average diameter of the secondary pores 50 nm to about 250 nm.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the average diameter of the primary pores is at least 750 nm.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the average diameter of the primary pores is at least 900 nm.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the average diameter of the primary pores is at least 1 μm.
The article one of any of the preceding claims, wherein the average diameter of the primary pores is at most 15 μm.
The article one of any of the preceding claims, wherein the average diameter of the primary pores is at most 10 μm.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the average diameter of the primary pores is at most 5 μm.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the article has a region which comprises the primary pores, and the region of the article has a porosity ratio of at least 0.1.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the article has a region which comprises the primary pores, and the region of the article has a porosity ratio of at least 0.15.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the article has a region which comprises the primary pores, and the region of the article has a porosity ratio of at least 0.2.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the article has a region which comprises the primary pores, and the region of the article has a porosity ratio of at least 0.25.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the article has a region which comprises the primary pores, and the region of the article has a porosity ratio of at most 0.3.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the average diameter of the secondary pores is at most 200 nm.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the average diameter of the secondary pores is at most 150 nm.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the average diameter of the secondary pores is at least 75 nm.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the average diameter of the secondary pores is at least 90 nm.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the average diameter of the secondary pores is at least 100 nm.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the secondary pores have an average aspect ratio of at least 10.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the secondary pores have an average aspect ratio of at least 15.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the secondary pores have an average aspect ratio of at least 20.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the secondary pores have an average aspect ratio of at least 25.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the secondary pores have an average aspect ratio of at most 40.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the secondary pores have an average aspect ratio of at most 35.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a light absorbing agent.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface of the article has a fractional reflectance of at most 0.0002 at a wavelength of from 400 nm to 700 nm.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface of the article has a fractional reflectance of at most 0.00015 at a wavelength of from 400 nm to 700 nm.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface of the article has a fractional reflectance of at most 0.00013 at a wavelength of from 400 nm to 700 nm.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface of the article has a fractional reflectance of at most 0.0001 at a wavelength of from 400 nm to 700 nm.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface of the article has a fractional reflectance of from 0.0001 to 0.0002 at a wavelength of from 400 nm to 700 nm.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein:
- the surface of the article has a first fractional reflectance at a first wavelength of from 400 nm to 700 nm;
- the surface of the article has a second fractional reflectance at a second wavelength of from 400 nm to 700 nm;
- the first wavelength is different from the second wavelength;
- and
- the first fractional reflectance is different from the second fractional reflectance.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface of the article has a fractional reflectance of at most 0.0002 at a wavelength of from 10 nm to 400 nm.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the metal comprises a member selected from the group consisting of aluminum, titanium, niobium, tantalum, magnesium and zinc.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the metal comprises aluminum.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the substrate comprises an alloy which comprises the metal.
The article of any of the preceding claims, wherein a portion of the substrate comprises an oxide, and the oxide comprises the metal.
The article of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface of the article comprises a fluoro-aluminate.
A system comprising an article according to any one of the preceding claims.
A method, comprising:
- chemically etching an article which comprises a metal to form primary pores in the article;
- and
- anodizing the article comprising the primary pores to form secondary pores, thereby providing an article having a surface which comprises the primary pores and the secondary pores,
- wherein at least one of the following holds:
- i.) an average diameter of the primary pores is at least 10 times greater than an average diameter of the secondary pores;
- and
- ii.) an average diameter of the primary pores is from 500 nm to 15 μm, and an average diameter of the secondary pores 50 nm to about 150 nm
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.