Hybrid lithium-ion battery-capacitor (h-libc) energy storage devices

A method for making a hybrid composite cathode for a H-LIBC, comprising the steps of:

• providing a lithium metal oxide, activated carbon and a binder as dry powders;
• mixing the lithium metal oxide, activated carbon and binder to create a homogenous cathode dry powder mixture;
• pressing the cathode dry powder mixture at a temperature of at least 50° C. to produce a free-standing cathode film;
• laminating the cathode film onto a current collector by passing the cathode film and the current collector through the gap of two rollers maintained at a temperature of at least 100° C.

A method of making a hybrid lithium-ion battery-capacitor H-LIBC, comprising the steps of:

• preparing a hybrid composite cathode by the steps of:
• providing a lithium metal oxide, activated carbon and a binder as dry powders;
• mixing the lithium metal oxide, activated carbon and binder to create a homogenous cathode dry powder mixture;
• pressing the cathode dry powder at a temperature of at least 50° C. to produce a free-standing cathode film;
• laminating the cathode film onto a current collector by passing the cathode film and the current collector through the gap of two rollers maintained at a temperature of at least 100° C.;
• preparing an anode by the steps of:
• providing an anode active material having a surface, and a thin Li film source;
• pre-positioned and pressing on the surface of anode electrode, wherein the mass of the Li film source is calculated by the equation:
• m
• Li
• =
• xm
• A
• 
• c
• A
• 
• 
• 1
• -
• m
• B
• 
• c
• B
• -
• m
• c
• 
• c
• c
• 
• (
• V
• max
• -
• V
• c
• -
• OCV
• )
• 3.6
• c
• Li
• where mLi is the Li source mass to be pre-lithiated on the surface of the anode (g), cLi is the specific capacity of lithium and is 3,860 mAh/g, mA is the anode active layer weight (g), mB is the Li-ion battery (LIB) active material weight (g), mC is the Li-ion capacitor (LIC) active material weight (g), cA1 is the first lithium intercalation (1st discharge) specific capacity (mAh/g) of the anode electrode, cB is the specific capacity (mAh/g) of the LIB active material, cC is the specific capacitance (F/g) of the LIC active material layer, Vmax is the maximum operating voltage of H-LIBC, Vc-OCV is the open-circuit voltage of LIC activated material is from 2.5 V to 3.2 V, and x is between 0.5 to 1.0
• providing a separator;
• providing an electrolytic solution comprising a lithium salt electrolyte;
• combining the hybrid composite cathode, the pre-lithiated anode, the separator and the electrolyte to form a H-LIBC energy storage device.