Method for storing data shards, apparatus, and system

A distributed storage device, wherein the device is used in a distributed storage system comprising at least two storage nodes, and configured to determine a policy for storing shards of data, and the device comprises:

• a memory that stores at least one instruction, and
• a processor coupled with the memory, wherein the processor executes the at least one instruction stored in the memory to perform operations, comprising:
• determining M storage nodes on which data will be stored,
• obtaining N replicas of the data, wherein the N replicas comprise original data of the data and N−1 pieces of backup data of the original data, and sharding each of the N replicas into X data shards in a same sharding mode, so that each data shard has N data shard replicas, wherein N is less than or equal to M, and
• storing the N replicas of the data on the M storage nodes, wherein the N data shard replicas of each of the X data shards are respectively stored on N storage nodes in the M storage nodes, and a quantity of data shards whose data shard replicas are stored on same N storage nodes is P or P+1, wherein P is an integer quotient of X divided by CMN.

A distributed storage system, comprising:

• at least two storage nodes;
• and
• at least one management device communicatively coupled with the at least two storage nodes, wherein the management device is configured to determine a policy for storing shards of data, and wherein the management device comprises:
• a memory that stores at least one instruction, and
• a processor coupled with the memory, wherein the processor executes the at least one instruction stored in the memory to perform operations, comprising:
• determining M storage nodes on which data will be stored,
• obtaining N replicas of the data, wherein the N replicas con rise original data of the data and N−1 pieces of backup data of the original data, and sharding each of the N replicas into X data shards in a same sharding mode, so that each data shard has N data shard replicas, wherein N is less than or equal to M, and
• storing the N replicas of the data on the M storage nodes, wherein the N data shard replicas of each of the X data shards are respectively stored on N storage nodes in the M storage nodes, and a quantity of data shards whose data shard replicas are stored on same N storage nodes is P or P+1, wherein P is an integer quotient of X divided by CMN.