Distributed sensing fiber acoustic emission apparatus and method for monitoring hydraulic engineering safety behavior

A distributed sensing fiber acoustic emission apparatus for monitoring hydraulic engineering safety behavior, comprising a fiber-carrying laying module and a fiber acoustic emission module, wherein the fiber-carrying laying module comprises an inner supporter, mesh modules and fiber-carrying modules, the inner supporter, the mesh modules and the fiber-carrying modules form a cylindrical shape, the cross section of the inner supporter is in a quadrangle inner-concave shape with the four edges concaved, the four surfaces of the inner supporter are concaved, the mesh modules having a plurality of meshes are respectively disposed in the four concave surfaces of the inner supporter, and the fiber-carrying module is arranged between every two adjacent mesh modules;

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• the fiber acoustic emission module comprises a driving power source, a mode-locked laser, a femtosecond laser optical frequency comb, a pulse modulator, a wavelength division multiplexer, an optical path coupler, an amplifier, a receiver, a detector, a controller, a concrete structure safety behavior evaluation system, an acoustic emission signal, a Rayleigh optical receiver, a Brillouin optical receiver, and an optical splitter, the output end of the driving power source is connected with the input end of the mode-locked laser, the input end of the driving power source is connected with the output end of the controller, the mode-locked laser is connected with the femtosecond laser optical frequency comb, the pulse modulator and the wavelength division multiplexer in sequence, the output end of the wavelength division multiplexer is respectively connected with the input end of the optical splitter and the input end of the optical path coupler, the output end of the optical splitter is respectively connected with the input end of the Rayleigh optical receiver and the input end of the Brillouin optical receiver, the output end of the Rayleigh optical receiver and the output end of the Brillouin optical receiver are connected with the input end of the controller, the output end of the optical path coupler is connected with the input end of the amplifier and the input end of the receiver, and output end of the receiver is connected with the input end of the detector, the output end of the detector is connected with the input end of the controller, the output end of the amplifier is connected with a sensing fiber in the fiber-carrying laying module, and the output end of the controller is connected with the concrete structure safety behavior evaluation system.