Surface Acoustic Wave Biosensor Employing an Analog Front End and DNA Encoded Libraries to Improved Limit of Detection (LOD) with Exemplary Apparatus of the Same

A SH SAW biosensor with an improved LOD, increased bandwidth, improved accuracy and resolution comprising:

• a crystal resonator with electro-acoustic characteristic selected by the use of a 36°, Y-cut, X-propagation LiTaO3 substrate;
• a microfluidic chamber integrated with interdigitated input/output frequency matched electrodes in which the crystal resonator is disposed in combination with a paired sensing lane and reference lane;
• a microcontroller;
• an electronic analog front end interface (AFE) with a computational module for algorithmic data analysis and reporting coupled with the microcontroller;
• and
• a biochemical probe formed in a compact surface array, each biochemical probe having a sensing lane for detection with a LOD of at least clinical threshold values, and where a false positive or false negative is eliminated by use of compact layering of antibodies, fragmented Ab, and the use of spacer-molecules in the sensing lane, where the biochemical probe is a protein engineered probe using phage display combinatorial antibody library to utilize in the sensing lane a highly specific antibody with high affinity exceeding monoclonal antibody (mAbs) capture statistics, where the combinatorial antibody library provides antibodies that bind targets with high affinity and specificity cloned antibody genes in single-chain Fv (scFv) or Fab format for convenient manipulation and with DNA encoding that sequences and permits a functional linkage between target recognition and sequence replication to facilitate rapid screening and identification of polypeptides.