Novel pyridinium compounds

A process for preparing a Compound of Formula (I):

• and isomers, stereoisomers, atropisomers, conformers and tautomers thereof;
• wherein,
• Y− is anion of Y;
• Y is selected from nitric acid, (C2-C12)alkyl sulfonic acid, (C3-C12)cycloalkyl sulfonic acid, primary bile acids, secondary bile acids, conjugated bile acids, CH3—(CH2)z—COOH, branched (C4-C14)alkanecarboxylic acid, (C4-C14)alkenecarboxylic acid, (C4-C14)alkynecarboxylic acid and C3-C12 cycloalkanecarboxylic acid;
• Z is selected from 1 to 14;
• n is selected from 0 to 5;
• R1 is hydrogen;
• R2 is —SO2R4;—
• R3 is heteroaryl;
• and
• R4 is (C1-C8)alkyl;
• the process comprising,
• reacting compound of formula (3a)
• with Y or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, optionally in presence of solvent or base or mixture thereof.

A process for preparing a Compound of Formula (I):

• and isomers, stereoisomers, atropisomers, conformers and tautomers thereof;
• wherein,
• Y− is anion of Y;
• Y is selected from nitric acid, (C2-C12)alkyl sulfonic acid, (C3-C12)cycloalkyl sulfonic acid, primary bile acids, secondary bile acids, conjugated bile acids, CH3—(CH2)z—COOH, branched (C4-C14)alkanecarboxylic acid, (C4-C14)alkenecarboxylic acid, (C4-C14)alkynecarboxylic acid and C3-C12 cycloalkanecarboxylic acid;
• Z is selected from 1 to 14;
• n is selected from 0 to 5;
• R1 is hydrogen;
• R2 is —SO2R4;—
• R3 is heteroaryl;
• and
• R4 is (C1-C8)alkyl;
• the process comprising,
• a. reacting compound of formula (1d)
• with compound of formula (2a)
• b. adding Y or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt to the reaction mixture obtained in step a), optionally in presence of solvent or base or mixture thereof;
• wherein X is halide.

A method of treating disease condition selected from the group consisting of diabetes and aging related macrovascular and microvascular complications by administering to a mammal in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a Compound of Formula (I):

• and isomers, stereoisomers, atropisomers, conformers and tautomers thereof;
• wherein,
• Y− is anion of Y;
• Y is selected from nitric acid, (C2-C12)alkyl sulfonic acid, (C3-C12)cycloalkyl sulfonic acid, primary bile acids, secondary bile acids, conjugated bile acids, CH3—(CH2)z—COOH, branched (C4-C14)alkanecarboxylic acid, (C4-C14)alkenecarboxylic acid, (C4-C14)alkynecarboxylic acid and C3-C12 cycloalkanecarboxylic acid;
• Z is selected from 1 to 14;
• n is selected from 0 to 5;
• R1 is hydrogen;
• R2 is —SO2R4;—
• R3 is heteroaryl;
• and
• R4 is (C1-C8)alkyl.

A method for treating disease condition selected from the group consisting of diabetes and aging related macrovascular and microvascular complications by administering a therapeutically effective amount of a Compound of Formula (I):

• and isomers, stereoisomers, atropisomers, conformers and tautomers thereof;
• wherein,
• Y− is anion of Y;
• Y is selected from nitric acid, (C2-C12)alkyl sulfonic acid, (C3-C12)cycloalkyl sulfonic acid, primary bile acids, secondary bile acids, conjugated bile acids, CH3—(CH2)z—COOH, branched (C4-C14)alkanecarboxylic acid, (C4-C14)alkenecarboxylic acid, (C4-C14)alkynecarboxylic acid and C3-C12 cycloalkanecarboxylic acid;
• Z is selected from 1 to 14;
• n is selected from 0 to 5;
• R1 is hydrogen;
• R2 is —SO2R4;—
• R3 is heteroaryl;
• and
• R4 is (C1-C8)alkyl;
• and one or more therapeutic agent selected from the group consisting of a) antihypertensive agent;
• b) hypolipidemic agent;
• c) antidiabetic agent;
• d) antiplatelet agent;
• e) anti-thrombotic agent;
• f) antiobesity agent;
• g) agent for treatment of heart failure;
• h) drug for diabetic vascular complications;
• and i) agents for cardiovascular risk reduction;
• or a pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, to a mammal in need thereof.