Automatically generating fire-fighting foams to combat li-ion battery failures

An apparatus for automatically generating fire-fighting foams at elevated temperatures, the apparatus comprising:

• a flexible and resealable container sized to hold at least one battery and having a removable top portion;
• water stored within the container;
• and
• one or more cartridges stored within the container and in contact, at least in part, with the water, the one or more cartridges made, at least in part, of a temperature-dependent breakdown material and containing a foaming agent, wherein heat generated by a failing battery is sufficient to cause the temperature-dependent breakdown material to fail such that the foaming agent is released to mix with the water stored within the container.

An apparatus for automatically applying fire-fighting foams at elevated temperatures, the apparatus comprising:

• a pressure vessel;
• a nozzle having an interior throat surface that is attached to the pressure vessel;
• and
• an obturator made, at least in part, of a temperature-dependent breakdown material, wherein the obturator abuts, at least in part, the interior throat surface of the nozzle and obstructs the nozzle such that contents of the pressure vessel cannot pass through nozzle below a threshold temperature.