Electrochromic organic frameworks

An electrochromic device, comprising:

• a first substantially transparent substrate coupled to a first electrically conductive material;
• a second substrate coupled to a second electrically conductive material;
• and
• an electrochromic medium comprising:
• at least one solvent and/or an electrolyte gel;
• at least one cathodic material;
• and
• at least one anodic material;
• wherein the cathodic material is a cathodic organic framework electroactive material and/or the anodic material is an anodic organic framework electroactive material;
• wherein at least one of the anodic and cathodic organic framework electroactive materials is electrochromic;
• wherein the cathodic organic framework electroactive material is represented by the following structure (VII):
• (VII), and
• wherein the anodic organic framework electroactive material is represented by the following structure (II):
• (II),
• wherein L and L′ may both include an organic connector group and wherein Z and Z′ may both include an organic linking group.

An electrochromic device, comprising:

• a first substantially transparent substrate coupled to a first electrically conductive material;
• a second substrate coupled to a second electrically conductive material;
• and
• an electrochromic medium comprising:
• at least one solvent and/or an electrolyte gel;
• at least one anodic material;
• and
• at least one cathodic material;
• wherein the cathodic material is a cathodic covalent organic framework electroactive material and/or the anodic material is an anodic covalent organic framework electroactive material;
• wherein at least one of the anodic and cathodic covalent organic framework electroactive materials is electrochromic;
• wherein the cathodic covalent organic framework electroactive material is represented by at least one of the following chemical structures (VIII)-(XII):
• wherein X is an anion, and
• wherein the anodic covalent organic framework electroactive material is represented by at least one of the following chemical structures (III)-(V):
• wherein R is an alkyl, siloxy alkyl, aryl, hydroxyalkyl, alkenyl, aralkyl, or a combination thereof.