Refraction-based surface-consistent amplitude compensation and deconvolution

A system, comprising:

• a computer memory;
• and
• one or more hardware processor interoperably coupled with the computer memory and configured to perform operations comprising:
• receiving seismic traces, the seismic traces generated using at least one source and at least one receiver;
• calculating an amplitude residual for each seismic trace;
• determining surface-consistent amplitude residuals for the at least one source and the at least one receiver based on the amplitude residual for each seismic trace;
• and
• performing surface-consistent amplitude correction to each seismic trace by applying the determined surface-consistent amplitude residuals for the at least one source and the at least one receiver.

A non-transitory, computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions executable by a computer system to perform operations comprising:

• receiving seismic traces, the seismic traces generated using at least one source and at least one receiver;
• calculating an amplitude residual for each seismic trace;
• determining surface-consistent amplitude residuals for the at least one source and the at least one receiver based on the amplitude residual for each seismic trace;
• and
• performing surface-consistent amplitude correction to each seismic trace by applying the determined surface-consistent amplitude residuals for the at least one source and the at least one receiver.