Hydrocarbon Dehydrocyclization in the Presence of Carbon Dioxide

An active material for hydrocarbon aromatization in the presence of CO2, the active material comprising:

• (a) ≧10 wt. % a first catalyst, wherein the first catalyst comprises (i) ≧0.005 wt. % of a dehydrogenation component which includes one or more of Ga, Zn, Mo, W, La, Pt, and Pd, and
• (ii) ≧10 wt. % of a molecular sieve component which comprises at least one molecular sieve having a Constraint Index in the range of from 1 to 12;
• and
• (b) ≧10 wt. % of a second catalyst, wherein the second catalyst comprises ≧0.005 wt. % of a CO2 conversion component which includes one or more of Ru, Rh, Ni, Co, and Fe.

A process for making an active material for hydrocarbon aromatization in the presence of CO2, the process comprising:

• (a) providing at least one molecular sieve, the molecular sieve having a Constraint Index in the range of from 1 to 12;
• (b) providing a first precursor, the first precursor comprising a dehydrogenation component which includes one or more of Ga, Zn, Mo, W, La, Pt, and Pd;
• (c) contacting the molecular sieve and the first precursor under conditions effective for transferring to the molecular sieve at least a portion of the dehydrogenation component to produce a loaded molecular sieve comprising ≧0.005 wt. % of one or more of Ga, Zn, Mo, W, La, Pt, and Pd;
• (d) providing an oxide matrix which includes one or more of oxide of chromium, oxide of aluminum, oxide of magnesium, oxide of manganese, oxide of cerium, oxide of zirconium, oxide of titanium, and oxide of thorium;
• (e) providing a second precursor, the second precursor comprising a CO2 conversion component which includes one or more of Ru, Rh, Ni, Co, and Fe;
• (f) contacting the matrix and the second precursor under conditions effective for transferring to the matrix at least a portion of the CO2 conversion component to produce a loaded matrix comprising ≧0.005 wt. % of one or more of Ru, Rh, Ni, Co, and Fe;
• (g) calcining the loaded molecular sieve and the loaded matrix;
• and
• (h) reducing the calcined loaded molecular sieve and the calcined loaded matrix to produce the active material.

A process for making an active material for hydrocarbon aromatization in the presence of CO2, the process comprising:

• (a) providing at least one molecular sieve, the molecular sieve having a Constraint Index in the range of from 1 to 12;
• (b) providing a first precursor, the first precursor comprising a dehydrogenation component which includes one or more of Ga, Zn, Mo, W, La, Pt, and Pd;
• (c) providing a second precursor, the second precursor comprising a CO2 conversion component which includes one or more of Ru, Rh, Ni, Co, and Fe;
• (d) producing a loaded molecular sieve by contacting the molecular sieve with the first and second precursors under conditions effective for transferring to the molecular sieve (i) at least a portion of the dehydrogenation component and (ii) at least a portion of the CO2 conversion component, the loaded molecular sieve comprising ≧0.005 wt. % of one or more of Ga, Zn, Mo, W, La, Pt, and Pd and ≧0.005 wt. % of one or more of Ru, Rh, Ni, Co, and Fe;
• (e) calcining the loaded molecular;
• and
• (f) reducing the calcined loaded molecular sieve to produce the active material.

An aromatization apparatus, the apparatus comprising:

• (a) a reactor having an internal volume which includes at least one reaction zone;
• (b) at least one feed conduit in fluidic communication with a hydrocarbon source located upstream of the reactor, wherein (i) the feed conduit is configured to establish a flow of hydrocarbon feed from the hydrocarbon source to the reaction zone and (ii) the hydrocarbon feed comprises ≧10 wt. % of C2+ non-aromatic hydrocarbon and ≧5 wt. % of CO2;
• (c) at least one catalyst bed located in the reaction zone, the catalyst bed being configured to (i) convert a first portion of the feed's C2+ non-aromatic hydrocarbon to aromatic hydrocarbon and molecular hydrogen, (ii) react at least a portion of the molecular hydrogen with ≧50 wt. % of the hydrocarbon feed's CO2 to produce methane and water, (iii) convert a second portion of the natural gas's C2+ non-aromatic hydrocarbon to additional aromatic hydrocarbon and additional molecular hydrogen, and (iv) establish a flow of reactor effluent, the reactor effluent comprising ≧90 wt. % of the aromatic hydrocarbon and ≧90 wt. % additional aromatic hydrocarbon;
• and
• (d) at least one product conduit in fluidic communication with the reaction zone, the product conduct being configured for conducting the reactor effluent away from the reactor.