1) A method to increase the overall hemodynamic efficacy of external chest compressions performed during cardiopulmonary resuscitation on a patient comprising:
- applying two or more chest compression-decompression cycles (CCDC's) to the patient, wherein applying the two or more CCDC's to the patient includes applying a first set of CCDC's optimized for cardiac output and applying a second set of CCDC's optimized for venous return;
- and
- wherein the first set of CCDC's optimized for cardiac output is performed alternately with the second set of CCDC's optimized for venous return to enhance hemodynamic efficacy.