Immunomodulation Using Spores and Pollen Grains

A method of modulating the immune response in a subject comprising the steps of:

• providing a composition comprising one or more antigens and at least one of an intact or fragment of a pollen or spore that is free of pollen or spore antigens, in an amount sufficient to trigger an immune response disposed in a pharmaceutical carrier for delivery to the subject, wherein the pollen/pollen spore comprises multiple pores;
• and
• administering the composition to the subject to modulate an immune responses.

A composition comprising

• an intact or fragment of pollen or spore that is free of pollen or spore antigens disposed in a pharmaceutical carrier for delivery to a subject;
• and
• one or more antigens, wherein the composition triggers an immune response that is specific to the one or more antigens.