Fluid purification methods, devices, and systems

A water purification system, comprising:

• cells interconnected by a valving network, wherein each of the cells includes a water purification element;
• a controller and a valving network having valves, the controller being connected to the controller to permit the controller to operate said valves;
• the valving network further having a water inlet, a drain outlet, and a product water outlet, the valving network being configurable by the controller, by operation of the valves, to form selected interconnections between and among selected ones of the cells to define a flow channel from a selected one of the water inlet, the drain outlet, and the product water outlet, through said selected ones of said cells, to a selected other of said selected one of the water inlet, the drain outlet, and the product water outlet;
• at a first time, the controller configuring the valving network to define a continuous flow channel from the source water inlet through a first two or more of the cells in series to the product water outlet and a continuous flow channel from the product water outlet through a first one or more of the cells to the drain outlet, whereby the first two or more of the cells in series filter water to produce product water while the first one or more of the cells is regenerated;
• at a second time, the controller configuring the valving network to define a continuous flow channel from the source water inlet through a second two or more of the cells in series to the product water outlet and a continuous flow channel from the product water outlet through a second one or more of the cells to the product water outlet, whereby the second two or more of the cells in series filter water to produce product water while the second one or more of the cells is regenerated;
• wherein the first and second times are different times, the second two or more of the cells are different from the first two or more of the cells, and the second one or more of the cells is different from the first one or more of the cells;
• a first cell of the first two or more of the cells in series receiving water directly from the source water inlet and a second cell of the first two or more of the cells in series receiving water directly from the first cell;
• the first cell being included in the second one or more of the cells and the second cell being receiving water directly from the source water inlet and the second time.

A water purification system, comprising:

• cells interconnected by a valving network, wherein each of the cells includes a water purification element;
• a controller and a valving network having valves, the controller being connected to the controller to permit the controller to operate said valves;
• the valving network further having a water inlet, a drain outlet, and a product water outlet, the valving network being configurable by the controller, by operation of the valves, to form selected interconnections between and among selected ones of the cells to define a flow channel from a selected one of the water inlet, the drain outlet, and the product water outlet, through said selected ones of said cells, to a selected other of said selected one of the water inlet, the drain outlet, and the product water outlet;
• at a first time, the controller configuring the valving network to define a continuous flow channel from the source water inlet through a first two or more of the cells in series to the product water outlet and a continuous flow channel from the product water outlet through a first one or more of the cells to the drain outlet, whereby the first two or more of the cells in series filter water to produce product water while the first one or more of the cells is regenerated;
• at a second time, the controller configuring the valving network to define a continuous flow channel from the source water inlet through a second two or more of the cells in series to the product water outlet and a continuous flow channel from the product water outlet through a second one or more of the cells to the product water outlet, whereby the second two or more of the cells in series filter water to produce product water while the second one or more of the cells is regenerated;
• wherein the first and second times are different times, the second two or more of the cells are different from the first two or more of the cells, and the second one or more of the cells is different from the first one or more of the cells.