Detection of cancer by elevated levels of bcl-2

A method for determining a Bcl-2 protein level in a urine sample from a subject, the method comprising:

• (a) obtaining the urine sample from the subject;
• (b) contacting the urine sample with a device comprising:
• i) an application zone for receiving a urine sample;
• ii) a labeling zone containing a binding agent that binds to Bcl-2 protein in the sample;
• and
• ii) a detection zone where Bcl-2 protein-bound binding agent is retained to give a signal that indicates that Bcl-2 protein level in the urine sample is lower than a threshold level and to give a different signal that indicates that Bcl-2 protein level in the urine sample is at or above the threshold level;
• and
• (c) detecting a signal from the detection zone of the device to determine the Bcl-2 protein level in the urine sample.