Common purpose apparatus for physical and chemical gas-solid reactions

A common purpose apparatus system in which physical and chemical reactions of carbonaceous materials with oxygen bearing gases and preheated gases are carried out;

• thermo chemical transformation of carbonaceous materials into gaseous and liquid fuels is carried out;
• carbonaceous fuels are combusted and energy there from is recovered;
• hydrocarbon-contaminated materials are remediated;
• and bio-chars from biomass are produced, comprising:
• a rotary kiln reactor,
• a feeder to introduce carbonaceous materials into the rotary kiln reactor,
• a port for introducing carbonaceous material at front end of the rotary kiln reactor,
• an exit port for removal of solids at a far end of the rotary kiln reactor,
• a stationary gas distributor positioned inside the rotary kiln reactor,
• a Stage 2 reactor following the rotary kiln reactor,
• an apparatus in which oxygen-bearing gases are introduced into the stationary gas distributor,
• an apparatus in which direction of gas from the stationary gas distributor is controlled,
• an apparatus in which water and liquid carbonaceous materials are introduced into the rotary kiln reactor,
• an apparatus in which fuel, steam, and oxygen-bearing gases are introduced into the Stage 2 reactor,
• an indirect gas cooler in which gases generated from Stage 2 reactor are cooled resulting in cooled gases and in which heat from the gases being cooled is recovered in the form of steam,
• a liquid condensate collector to recover hydrocarbon liquids from the cooled gases,
• an apparatus in which the cooled gases are cleaned to remove particulates and agents of greenhouse gases,
• a burner in which combustible gases are combusted, wherein hot gases are generated from reaction of combustible gases with oxygen-bearing gases,
• a steam turbine to generate electricity from steam, and
• a gas engine to generate electricity from combustible gases.